The four major application areas of industrial machine vision and the three future trends are as follows:

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The four major application areas of industrial machine vision and the three future trends are as follows:

1. 3C Electronics: The 3C industry, which includes computers, communication devices, and consumer electronics, serves as a benchmark for the application of industrial vision. As the global 3C electronics industry shifts towards developing countries and with its characteristics of high precision and rapid iteration, it drives the iteration of machine vision technology and the expansion of application scenarios and categories. This is expected to continue to increase the penetration rate of machine vision in China's 3C industry. The industry and product attributes of 3C electronics determine that the penetration rate of machine vision in this sector will be higher. [i1]

2. Semiconductor Industry: The future of the semiconductor industry will likely see full-process technical support from machine vision. The global semiconductor equipment market sales in 2019 were $57.6billion,withtheChinesemarketaccountingfor$12.9 billion, or 22.4% of the total. It is predicted that in the coming years, China's semiconductor investment will become the highest globally. The semiconductor industry, characterized by high integration and precision, is one of the earliest fields to apply machine vision technology on a large scale. Machine vision is involved in various processes in the semiconductor industry, including defect, dimension, quantity, flatness, distance, positioning, calibration, solder joint quality, and bending degree detection, especially in the entire process of wafer production, from inspection and positioning to cutting and packaging. [i2]

3. Lithium Battery Industry: The rapid development of the new energy automobile industry has led to a surge in demand in the lithium battery sector, expanding the application scenarios for machine vision. In 2021, China's lithium battery production reached 232.6 billion units, a year-on-year increase of 23.4%. The rapid increase in lithium battery capacity has driven the rapid development of machine vision, with the market size reaching 1.77 billion yuan in 2021, and a CAGR of 110% from 2019 to 2021. The application scenarios and manufacturing processes of lithium batteries are complex, requiring machine vision detection systems at multiple stages. As the measurement requirements for cells, modules, and PACKs continue to increase and the conditions of the objects being measured become more complex, full-line vision inspection has gradually become standard for power battery manufacturers. [i3]

4. Photovoltaic (PV) Industry: The PV industry continues to grow rapidly, with silicon wafer quality inspection being a key to the quality and development of solar cells. In 2021, China's solar cell production CAGR reached 35%, with a year-on-year growth rate of 42% in 2021, indicating an accelerated growth period for the industry. During the same period, the application scale of machine vision in the PV industry increased rapidly from 260 million yuan in 2019 to 650 million yuan in 2021, with a CAGR of 58%. Throughout the entire cell production process, incoming silicon wafer quality monitoring, in-process cell defect monitoring, and finished cell quality inspection are essential for producing high-quality cells. Each process segment of the cell production quality monitoring system is equipped with corresponding optomechanical vision modules (cameras, light sources, lenses, etc.) that can be quickly configured to provide high-quality visual imaging effects. [i4]

With the arrival of Industry 4.0, the demand for machine vision technology in industrial scenarios continues to promote the development of industrial machine vision technology. This includes the following trends:

• Trend One: As the application scenarios expand, 3D technology will become more mature and widespread. While 2D vision develops, 3D technology is also on the rise. From current trends, the development momentum of 3D machine vision is far greater than that of 2D. Although industrial machine vision is relatively mature, 3D technology is still in its infancy in China, with foreign companies and products leading in micro-high precision detection and holding a significant share of the market. Domestic companies are gradually replacing foreign enterprises in terms of hardware and software. [i5]

• Trend Two: Domestic substitution is becoming the main melody, competition between Chinese and foreign manufacturers is intensifying, and the market structure is being restructured. The current substitution rate of machine vision has reached 50%, but it is mostly limited to the 2D machine vision field. In the future, as domestic brands collaborate and win together, and product functions become more professional and refined, the substitution rate will gradually increase. The industry will tend towards specialized division of labor, with autonomous vision platforms, vision systems, and equipment working together to gradually surpass foreign brands and grow into the main force of China's intelligent manufacturing industrial vision. [i6]

• Trend Three: Integrating fragmented scenarios, standardized integrated equipment will be the next generation's development direction for machine vision. As the scale of industrial automation gradually expands, and with the intelligent manufacturing model of multi品种, small batches, and personalized production, enterprises are beginning to shift towards mass customization production methods. However, machine vision technology can only recognize and classify a few products in the automated production line, which cannot meet the requirements of fragmented scenarios. To address this situation, integrating fragmented scenarios and creating integrated equipment will greatly promote the rapid integration of information technology and operational technology. At the same time, creating a full-process digital closed-loop will also be one of the important measures. [i7]

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