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Machine vision is a comprehensive technology that includes image processing, mechanical engineering, control, electro-optical lighting, optical imaging, sensors, analog and digital video technology, and computer software and hardware technology (such as image enhancement and analysis algorithms, image cards, I/O cards, etc.). A typical machine vision application system includes image capture, lighting systems, digital image acquisition modules, digital image processing modules, intelligent decision-making modules, and mechanical control execution modules.
A typical industrial machine vision system includes: lighting, lenses (fixed focus lenses, zoom lenses, telecentric lenses, microscope lenses), cameras (including CCD cameras and COMS cameras), image processing units (or image capture cards), image processing software, monitors, communication/input/output units, etc.
Why Use Lighting?
Purpose: To separate the object under inspection from the background, obtain high-quality, high-contrast images. Good lighting can greatly reduce irrelevant background information and highlight the features of the object under inspection.
Importance: Directly affects processing accuracy and speed, and even the success or failure of the machine vision system. Excellent lighting engineering can reduce the difficulty of algorithm development.
Requirements for Lighting in Machine Vision
(1) Contrast: The fundamental purpose of illuminating the object under inspection is to increase the contrast between defects and the background, making defects stand out, and facilitating further processing by machine vision algorithms. It is one of the most important references for lighting selection.
(2) Uniformity: Non-uniform illumination will bring many inconveniences to later image processing and may even make the collected images worthless for processing. For example, smooth parts will produce specular reflections, resulting in glaring spots on their surfaces. If defects happen to be covered by these spots, missed detection or false detection may occur.
(3) Brightness: If the brightness is too high, defects may be overwhelmed; if it is too low, the contrast of defects may not be significant, and the purpose of lighting is lost. Therefore, it is essential to select the brightness of the lighting reasonably.
(4) Stability: Refers to the stable emission of light by the light source within a certain time range.
(5) Cost and Lifespan: The highest-priced lighting may not be the most suitable or affordable. The longer the lifespan of the light source, the better, as it can reduce expenses and the need for system adjustments due to light source replacement.
FALenses Technology specializes in providing machine vision core hardware. You can go to the official website of FALenses Technology at https://www.falenses.com/for more information.